Desktop PC architecture is still basically the same as it was in 1995 when I was building them in high school. We have faster processors now, solid-state hard drives, better peripherals, faster processors, faster data transfer; but a desktop computer is still basically designed to do the same thing it was back then. I fail to see how faster processors and better peripherals would better protect you from ransomware- except that it might allow your malware program or your antivirus program to run faster.
Now in our environment, we use a Cisco ASA, which is a very advanced piece of hardware, and it's only job is to protect us from external exploits. It doesn't run Windows, though