I would guess they were commercial boxes? I remember when WOR (about the time they became WWOR) changed from analog VideocipherII to mpeg 1.5, and we lost the ability to receive it. I don't remember ever seeing a way to get access to one of those receivers? Not too long after that, DigicipherII came out and most people went that route, but I don't think WWOR ever did DigicipherII. Digicipher II was/is an mpeg 2 stream.
I would say it's been around since the early 90's, maybe late 80's..???