I'm not sure if programming providers can authorize receivers to decode their channels on their own or if they have to contact SA to do it.> Powervu does away with all that. each encoder can from my understanding control it's own encryption from the site. No need for any tier bit fees to a control center.
I do not think that is correct
From my other post;
Before purchasing your IRD, please contact NHK Global Media Services and receive an "IRD Order Form." The IRD retailer will not sell you an IRD without this "IRD Order Form."
IRD purchases are handled by the below sales representatives of Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.
SO from reading this, SA does the same thing. The programmer must authorize the device, then you send the paper work to SA and they "activate" the box.
I do know that you shouldn't have to contact SA directly with your IRD number to get it activated unless the broadcaster had an authorization website setup with SA like AFN does. You would give your IRD number to the programming provider and they would relay it to SA if they had to.