I do a good bit of short-term trading, including options.
Options offer the lure of spectacular profits and losses and aren’t for the feint of heart. Many option strategies exist and I’ve been successful at losing money using each of them.
The safest way to use options and a good way to start is to “write” covered “calls” on stock you already own. Someone pays you money for the right to buy the stock from you at some future date for a certain price.
Here’s an example using a stock that I trade, Office Depot. As I write this, the stock is selling at about $18.60/share. The bid price for the call option that expires in December (it’s always the third Friday of the month) is $0.65/share. Selling the option gives the other person the right to buy the stock at $20 until December 21. If the stock is trading below $20 at that time, the option won’t be exercised and I’ll pocket the $0.65/share. If it is trading above $20, I can allow the stock to be bought from me (at $20) or I can repurchase the option at the going price at that time.
If I bought the stock today at $18.60, and immediately sold the option, I’d be out-of-pocket $17.95 (plus commissions). If it sells next month at $20, my gain would be $2.05 on a $17.95 investment for a gain of 11% (less with commissions). If the stock goes nowhere or down in the next month, I still have the stock and the $0.65 and I can do it all over again. This technique can be used to gain extra income from stocks that you intend to keep for the long term.
The buyer of the option expects the stock price to rise and can benefit handsomely if it does. Using the same example, if the stock is selling at $25 on December 21, the option they pay $0.65 for today would be worth $5.00 (they could pay $20 for a stock that’s selling for $25). If I really wanted to keep the stock, it would cost me $5.00/share to repurchase the option.
Continuing with this example, other options with “strike prices” of $20 prices are:
Jan ’08 - $1.10
Apr ’08 - $2.10
Jul ’08 - $2.70
Jan ’09 – $3.60
Jan ’10 - $5.00
This is just a very basic example of one strategy, of course. It’s the safest way to get your feet wet if you are interested.