I thought most RG6 has a copper center wire but I suppose yours was copper-cladded steel. Anyway my first thought was to take a small finishing nail, grind or file the end so it is mostly flat, put a very small dot of super glue on it, press it against the rusted end of the wire, and when the super glue dries pull on it. However the risk is if you use too much glue you might actually glue the rusty wire in place. On the other hand if that did happen you might then be able to drill some of it out with a very small drill bit, if you can come in very straight. The undesirable part of that is the potential of metal shavings against the internal circuitry, and of damaging the LNB if you are too aggressive with the drill or don't come into the end exactly straight (a drill press would probably make it easier). If you are not in a huge hurry and have some way to hold the nail firmly in place, a small dot of epoxy would probably grip a bit better, but you want to wait long enough for it to fully harden before you pull on it.
My second thought is that if it really is steel wire with copper cladding, try a very strong magnet if you have one. Stick it on the end of the connector and work it around a little, maybe after applying a small amount of penetrating oil or WD-40. There's an off chance the magnetism might pull it out.
My third thought is try a small pair of tweezers, but heat the tip first so it can melt the plastic in the end of the connector just a little before you attempt to grab the wire (probably will need to wear gloves if you don't want burned fingers).
I don't have a lot of confidence in any of these; I'm just throwing ideas out there.