Now a days they dont need a SSN to run your credit, they can do it with the combination of your name, address and home phone number. In addition if you give them a credit card number they can pull your credit using your credit card number with the above information as ID.
Although it is easier (and cheaper) for them if they can run your credit with your SSN.
An actual authorization on your behalf requires your social security number. (The kind that shows up on your report as "held against you" for too many inquiries, like when you apply for that gas credit card we all need these days.)
With your name, address, and phone, they can do an inquiry (often done before offering you a "pre-approval" BS letter) but it isn't held against you as an inquiry, since they don't need your permission.
Any of these idiot companies can do that second type of inquiry, but it isn't going to drive your score down with inquiries like it would if you ran around applying for every credit card you could find.
Having that said, maybe Dish did do an inquiry on me, but it would not effect my score, since I never gave them my ss#.
Scott- I disagree that it is cheaper to run your credit without your score. Look at the inquires that you have on your credit report that are not held against you. Often by companies that you do business with. Cap One is horrible with this, running your credit without your approval every few months to make you new offers. I don't think they are paying more, probably less in this case.
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Also, it is easier to get an item off your credit report by means of dispute if you never gave them your ss# and they gave you something that you were supposed to pay for later (such as a magazine or Columbia House CDs back in the day). This is somewhat of a safety, especially when something bogus shows up on your report.